1. Working Principle
Multistage Boosting:
Each impeller takes in air discharged from the previous stage, increasing pressure sequentially; the high-speed radial airflow is converted to static pressure in the volute or collector, then further boosted by the next impeller.
Energy Conversion:
Mechanical energy → kinetic energy: The motor drives the impeller, imparting energy to the air;
Kinetic energy → static pressure: The airflow slows down in the volute, accumulating pressure.
Performance Curve:
The head increases linearly with the number of stages;
Airflow is influenced by speed and duct resistance—must match performance curves.
2. Typical Applications
Metallurgy: high-pressure combustion air, desulfurization/denitrification systems
Chemical industry: gas transport, reactor pressurization
Power: boiler air supply, ash handling
Oil & gas: gas compression, pipeline boosting
3. Common Faults & Solutions
High Pressure, Low Airflow:
Causes: Increased gas density (impurities/dust), partial duct blockage, impeller wear or motor fault
Solutions: Check gas composition, install filters/dust collectors as needed; clean ducts/flanges/valves regularly; inspect impeller/motor, repair or replace as needed.
Low Pressure, High Airflow:
Causes: Decreased air density (high temp/humidity), duct leaks
Solutions: Measure/correct inlet temperature and pressure; check and repair duct leaks and seals.
Ventilation Control Failure:
Causes: Faulty pressure gauges or flow/adjustment valves
Solutions: Replace/calibrate gauges; repair valve mechanisms, remove debris.
4. Maintenance Tips
Regular inspections: Check impeller, bearings, and seals quarterly
Online monitoring: Install vibration and pressure sensors for real-time alerts
Lubrication: Oil or replace lubricant as per manufacturer’s schedule
Performance checks: Measure flow/head post-maintenance, assess for performance degradation and correct in time
Understanding the principle and key application features of multistage centrifugal fans, along with systematic troubleshooting and maintenance, ensures efficient, reliable operation—extending equipment life and reducing operating costs.