This article systematically outlines standardized methods and on-site acceptance criteria for fan performance testing, covering key indicators such as flow rate, pressure, efficiency, power, and sound level. The process ensures engineers and clients can accurately and compliantly verify system reliability.
1. Performance Testing Standards Overview
National Standards
GB/T 2611-2001: Test Methods for Performance of Bladed Fans
GB/T 12529-2018: On-site Measurement Code for Ventilation Equipment
International Standards
ISO 5801: Industrial Fans — Performance Testing Using Standardized Airways
AMCA 210: Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Ratings
2. Key Test Indicators and Methods
| Indicator | Test Method | Allowable Error |
|---|---|---|
| Flow Rate | Differential pressure (pitot tube + orifice plate), flow hood | ±5% |
| Total Pressure | Combined static and dynamic pressure, multi-point duct measurement | ±5% |
| Efficiency | Calculated from flow, pressure, and motor power input | ±10% |
| Power | Power analyzer for motor input | ±2% |
| Sound Level | A-weighted sound meter, ISO 3744 method | ±1.5 dB |
Measurement points: ≥3 points at both inlet and outlet, average taken.
Environment: 0–40°C, 84–106 kPa, ≤90% relative humidity.
3. On-Site Acceptance Criteria
Preparation
Ducts sealed, valves open or set as per design
All instruments within calibration validity and recently checked
Acceptance Process
No-load fan trial run for 5 minutes, check for vibration and noise
Step-by-step loading to design condition; measure flow, pressure, and power
Record all data, calculate efficiency and total unit deviation
Sound test: ≥4 points around fan, average value taken
Pass Criteria
All results within stated error range
Vibration <4.5 mm/s (ISO 10816-3)
Overall performance deviation ≤ ±7%
4. Data Analysis and Reporting
Test Report Should Include:
Fan model, operating conditions, ambient parameters, instrument model/calibration
Raw data and results table
Performance curves (measured vs. design)
Abnormal findings:
Low flow/efficiency: check for leaks or incorrect valve settings
High noise/vibration: dynamic balance retest and base reinforcement as needed
5. Notes and Recommendations
Distribute measurement points evenly; avoid local turbulence
Minimize site disturbance during testing (walking, extraneous noise)
Regularly calibrate instruments to ensure data consistency
Keep complete logs: include test logs, photos, calibration certificates
By following these procedures and standards, you can ensure accurate, compliant, and reliable fan performance testing and acceptance.